Triangle Shape
Circle ShapeHearth Shape

REPORT

European Student Living Monitor 2025

Country Highlights

Explore the Country Highlights section to discover key facts and notable aspects that highlight each country's unique situation

Respondents by countries:

Finland

711

Netherlands

741

Denmark

416

Sweden

534

Ireland

616

Austria

972

Spain

2,703

Italy

372

Germany

752

Iceland

293

United Kingdom

4,819

Belgium

178

Poland

212

Portugal

128

France

315

Other

397

Finland

711

Netherlands

741

Denmark

416

Sweden

534

Ireland

616

Austria

972

Spain

2,703

Italy

372

Germany

752

Iceland

293

United Kingdom

4,819

Belgium

178

Poland

212

Portugal

128

France

315

Other

397

At the Country Level

The research at the country level suggests some powerful findings about accommodation types, services and facilities which have the most positive impact on students.

The findings from Spain, Portugal and the Netherlands are of particular interest as these countries report the most positive impact of living environment on well-being.

The countries where mental health was reported as the best are Germany, Austria and Italy. The countries where respondents felt the greatest impact from their living environment are Spain, the Netherlands and Portugal.

Spain, the Netherlands and Portugal are also the countries where respondents were most likely to recommend their accommodation

Country highlights

Explore country snapshots across Europe. For more in-depth reporting, visit our interactive open-source dashboard

Targeted Support

The need for targeted financial support

Financial Situation
MHI 5
Wellbeing NPS
% of Responses
I could easily handle a major unexpected expense
65.78
-4.45
11.46%
I have  money left over at the end of the month
63.35
-12.48
24.97%
I am just about getting by
58.53
-19.25
36.18%
I am behind with my finances
54.38
-23.15
6.19%
My finances are a constant worry to me
48.05
-30.65
21.20%

Note: The negative wellbeing_NPS scores indicate the accommodation is not adding to the wellbeing of students

Our 3 years of data consistently show more than 2/3rd of the students are either just about getting by or struggling with their finances. This group has an average MHI5 happiness score of 54.6. The score alarmingly falls for students with financial worries and those behind their finances to 49.5. This group is over 27% of survey respondents, i.e., more than 1 out 4 survey respondents. For those students whose finances are a constant worry, their MHI-5 score is almost 18 points below (at 48.05) those who could easily handle a major unexpected expense (65.78). Domestic students struggle more with finances than international students.

Note: This score is not linked to the amount of rent they pay (where there is no relationship to wellbeing), but the perception of their ability to manage financially.

Wellbeing_NPS is also significantly impacted as financial worries grow. Those who can handle a major unexpected expense achieve a Wellbeing NPS score of -4.45, whilst those constantly worrying about money report a score of -30.65. Where providers can offer a hardship fund, this needs to be actively promoted. Further work should be conducted on how providers can also support students through budgeting advice.

Mental health support services

The need for professional, easily accessible support services to help those with mental health struggles has been evident in the three years of SLM analysis. Those who are accessing mental health services report MHI-5 scores that are markedly lower than other students, which is expected. However, the NPS and Wellbeing_NPS (mental health impact) scores reported by those accessing support services is high, indicating that where professional services are available, they are very much valued.

Mental health services used
% of total respondents
MHI-5
Wellbeing_NPS
Traditional  NPS
Often
1.80%
56.45
23.43
45.71
Sometimes
7.00%
56.32
–0.29
20.15
Never
34.60%
59.47
–14.05
6.39
N/A (no access / not aware)
56.60%
57.5
–24.82
–3.50

SLM finds that 56.6% of the SLM respondents do not have access/are not aware where to find mental health support. Thus, there is a huge opportunity for the stakeholders such as universities, and operators to work closely with each other and mental health professionals to make this critical service widely available for their students. The lowest rates of accessibility to mental health services are in Belgium, Sweden, and Denmark. More mature markets such as the UK, show better access and more awareness to support services. Student in Spain, which is one of the few countries above the 60 threshold of MHI5 scale, have a better access to mental health support than the European average.

WHAT DO STUDENTS SAY

Money woes: I constantly have to worry about my finances. There is no financial support available for unemployed international students. In the Turku area, there are no job opportunities at the moment, not even part-time cleaning jobs. All my savings have been used up very quickly. Male, international, Finland, impact of accommodation on wellbeing score 7*

I am a little worried because they have not yet told us how much rent will increase this year and I am barely having money for saving/activities with friends. Female, domestic, Sweden, impact of accommodation on wellbeing score 6*

I have a good job, but the cost of living is so high that now matter how much I work, it’s always just enough to get by, even without doing extravagant things. I live a normal life and work far more that I’d like. On average 55+ hours a week. Male, domestic, Italy, impact of accommodation on wellbeing score 3*

Because it’s almost impossible to afford my rent so I have to work ALL THE TIME while I study more than 37 hours a week. How should it even be possible to survive? Like I don't even have money to feed myself. Female, domestic, Denmark, impact of accommodation on wellbeing score 1*

--- and access to affordable housing: Living on campus has made it much easier to manage my time and my expenses since it is the most affordable option, and much cheaper than my previous off-campus housing. It is comfortable and secure so it has reduced my stress levels significantly. Non-binary, Iceland, impact of accommodation on wellbeing score 9*

All expenses included relieves a lot of stress, as I do not have to constantly think about individual bills to pay. The building manager is always helpful and available when needed, and the paid cleaning services are a big convenience. The state of the flat is good as it is very new. Male, international, Greece, impact of accommodation on wellbeing score 10*

Access to vs lack of targeted support:  I have very friendly flatmates who always clean up after themselves. Also, my accommodation provides support if I need it in regards to mental health or maintenance of my room. Female, domestic, UK, impact of accommodation on wellbeing score 9*

As an autistic person it's hard to live in shared facilities with no support. Female, international, Iceland, impact of accommodation on wellbeing score 5*

I am in the [name retracted] residence, terrible care for its students […] on the website it appears that they have many things such as a nutritionist, psychologist, etc. that don't work. Also in the registration it came as medical insurance with 24-hour online assistance, if you want to use it now they charge you €80 per consultation. It's a real shame. Male, domestic, Spain, impact of accommodation on wellbeing score 3*

*Respondents were asked to rate the impact of their living environment on their mental well-being, from a scale 0 to 10, where "0" represents a "very negative impact" and "10" represents a "very positive impact."

Triangle Shape
Circle ShapeHearth Shape

Join us on our journey

Interested in getting involved or curious to learn more? Please contact our Research Manager, Arunima Dey at arunima@theclassfoundation.com

Sign up today